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Bed Bugs | City of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Bed bugs are small oval shaped insects. They do not fly; they crawl and attach themselves to surfaces such as clothing, furniture and luggage. They are attracted to the carbon dioxide that we exhale and can affect anyone at any time.
Bed bugs are most active at night and are usually found where people sleep. They can also be found in any public space, such as businesses, offices and areas where people gather.
Bed bugs arenotknown to transmit infectious disease to humans. If bitten, some people may have an allergic reaction that presents as itchy welts. The mental health impacts to people living with bed bugs can include anxiety and insomnia.
These bite marks appear within minutes or days and are usually on the face, neck, upper torso, arms and hands. Not everyone reacts to a bed bug bite.
The following signs can indicate a bed bug bite:
Most bed bug bites go away on their own and do not need treatment.
Bed bugs are most active at night and are usually found where people sleep. They can alsobe found in any public space, such as businesses, offices and areas where people gather.
Bed bug activity can be identified by the following:
Places to look for bed bugs include:
Tip:Place glue boards, double sided tape or bed bug interceptors under your bed legs to monitor and catch the bed bugs.
It is important to take immediate action if you suspect that you have bed bugs. Bed bugs can spread rapidly so it is important to report these pests as soon as you suspect that they are in your home.
When you have reported bed bugs to your landlord or hired a licensed pest control company, follow their instructions on how to prepare your home for treatment. In addition, you can begin taking the actions recommended below for bed bug removal.
Removing bed bugs from your home takes time, patience and careful cooperation of the resident, a licensed pest control company. If you live in rental housing, the landlord will also need to be involved.
Do not try to treat your home with pesticides yourself. Pesticides available in retail stores are of little effect against bed bugs and will not kill bed bug eggs. Using these products will cause bed bugs to scatter and spread to other rooms, making it harder to get rid of all the bed bugs. Pesticides can also be harmful to people and to pets.
Only a licensed pest control professional should handle chemical pesticides. If you live in rental housing, the landlord is responsible for providing pest control services and you are responsible for helping to prepare your home for treatment.
The pest control company should inspect your home, describe the treatment and tell you how to prepare your home for treatment. Treatment should be done at least two times, 10 to 14 days apart, in order to effectively remove bed bugs and eggs that can survive after the first treatment. Often, more than two treatments are needed.
Review the 3 steps below to help prepare for treatment.
Dispose of unneeded items by placing them into plastic bags, seal tightly, and dispose of the bag in an outdoor garbage container. Clutter acts as ideal hiding spots for bed bugs and other pests.
Careful vacuuming is an important step to getting rid of bed bugs and preparing for a pest control treatment.
There are some things you can do to prevent bringing bed bugs into your home.
Learn how to check for bed bugs while travelling.
If your work requires that you visit homes that may have bed bugs, take simple precautions to avoid bringing them home. Learn more about what precautions you can take.
Make checking for bed bugs part of your cleaning routine and check regularly. The earlier you find them, the easier it is to get rid of them.
Public Health ServicesCall 905-546-2489 to report bed bug or other pest infestations.
Landlord and tenant boardThe landlord and tenant board helps with disputes between landlords and tenants about bed bugs.1-888-332-3234www.ltb.gov.on.ca
Hamilton Housing Help CentreIf you are low-income and unable to prepare your home for bed bug treatment due to a disability, you may qualify for help. You should speak with the Hamilton Wentworth Housing Help Centre to find out if you qualify.Phone: 905-526-8100www.housinghelpcentre.ca
More information on professional pest control companies in your area can be found at:Structural Pest Management Association of Ontario1-800- 461-6722www.spmao.ca
Public Health ServicesPhone: 905-546-2489Email: publichealth@hamilton.ca
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Bed Bugs | City of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Bed Bugs Information – City of Columbus
Bed Bugs Information
Like mosquitoes, bed bugsbite people and drink a blood meal.Unlike mosquitoes, they are not known to transmit any human diseases.They can, however, causeitching, skin rashes, anddistress.
Bed bugs spread as people carry them into their homes, often in infested luggage, clothing, used furniture, or bedding.
Bedbugs can show up in anyones home, school or business. But in general, multi-unit housing is a more common place for a bed bug infestation, such as hotels, dorms, shelters and apartments. Infestations usually are not because ofbad housekeeping.
While any resident can be affected by bed bugs, the greatest impact is often felt by people with the least resources to deal with the problem, which can take a lot of time and money.
The City of Columbus is part of the Central Ohio Bed Bug Task. It includes local governments, health departments, social service agencies, pest control applicators, landlord and tenants rights groups, fire departments, the Ohio Departments of Agriculture, Commerce, Health, and the Ohio State University Extension. Our goal is to prevent bed bug infestations through education and serve as a resource to those struggling with an infestation. More information atwww.centralohiobedbugs.org
For enforcement of housing code issues, including pest control:City of Columbus: 614-645-3111Franklin County: 614-525-3160
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Bed Bugs Information - City of Columbus
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Bed Bug Strategy – CityHousing Hamilton
CHANGE IN BEDBUG REPORTING PROCESS
August 12, 2014
Dear Tenant,
As ofFebruary 1st, if you have bed bugs please call CityHousing Hamilton at 905-546-2121. Please note that this is a new phone number.
The CityHousing Hamilton staff willdispatch a contractor who will treat your unit for bed bugs.
Please post this on your refrigerator for future reference.
To report BED BUGS call 905-546-2121
Office Hours are: Monday to Friday
8:30 A.M. to 4:30 P.M.
MISSED MAINTENANCE APPOINTMENTS
24 hours notice is needed to reschedule appointments
If you are not available at the scheduled time to let the Contractor into your home, Please call the Contractor or CityHousing Hamilton to reschedule the appointment.
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Bed Bug Strategy - CityHousing Hamilton
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Bed bugs in Hamilton, Ontario: lessons for landlords and …
The Hamilton Spectator reports on the spread of bed bugs in that Ontario city.
The story focuses on Lisa Courtneys bed bug battle:
Courtney tossed out her bed, mattress and linens. CityHousing, Hamiltons social housing agency, had her Cumberland Avenue apartment treated and life returned to normal.
But now, the bedbugs are back. Courtneys anxiety has shot up with reports of three neighbours with the same problem.
Im psychotic now, because people down the hall have them, too, she said.
Landlords need to learn that you cant simply treat the unit of the person who complains about bed bug bites. You have to have all adjacent units (above, below, and on all sides) carefully inspected and treated if necessary.
Apartment managers would be advised to read this article from Techletter.com about dealing with bed bugs in the properties under their care.
Since bed bugs can be hard to detect, especially in the early stages of infestation, landlords may also consider that treating all adjacent units where bed bugs have not been found may be a good idea. The City of Bostons Housing Division actually requires this when the Inspectional Services Department finds bed bugs in an apartment:
Our Standard bed bug notice of violation also requires that owners inspect all units in the dwelling, and they must treat all horizontally and vertically adjacent units to the infested unit(s).
Boston landlords treat adjacent units even if they turn up no visible signs of bed bugs.You dont know how often Bedbuggers tell us (often in the forums) both of the following: (a) I have had 4+ bed bug treatments and the problem persists, and (b) none of my neighbors have bed bugs. When pressed, people invariably say neighbors were asked. Since as many as 50% of people dont react to bites, asking doesnt do much. Many times, inspection also turns up nothing. And then a few months later, lo and behold, bed bugs are back.
You also dont know how often I hear (often in discreet emails) about professionals eventually discovering the badly-infested unit, with so many bed bugs theyre falling from the walls in broad daylight invariably a bed bug infestation later discovered in a building where some other poor soul thought they were the only ones infested. Sometimes neighbors dont know they have bed bugs because they cant see them.
Other times bed bugs are clearly visible, but residents dont know what they are, or fear repercussions for bringing the problem to light, or are impaired in some way such that they cannot recognize the problem or act on it, or (in rare cases) they know and just dont care (shudder).
The good news is Hamilton is taking bed bugs seriously:
Stan Yung, a Hamilton public health manager, says the city is already intervening. It has been tracking cases since 2005 and now has a new public education campaign.
(I look forward to hearing how they are tracking infestations.)
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Bed bugs in Hamilton, Ontario: lessons for landlords and ...
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Bed Bugs | Extension Service | West Virginia University
Background
Bedbugs are known as ectoparasites, a group of insects that live outside on the bodies of humans, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, bats, poultry, birds, and other warm-blooded animals. During the day, they hide in cracks and crevices of bed frames and headboards, behind wallpaper and wood work, inside mattresses and box springs, and even inside pictures. At night, they come out to feed, gorging themselves on blood.
Bedbugs are easily transported by people from one place to another on clothing and used furniture and through walls in apartment buildings and hotels. Bedbugs can also be transmitted to humans from bird and bat nests that may be present in homes.
Adult bedbugs are light tan to reddish brown in color with oval-shaped, wingless bodies. Their upper bodies are wrinkly and covered with short, blond hairs. Prior to feeding, they are 1/4 to 3/8 long (about the size of a pencil eraser) and almost as flat as a piece of paper. After feeding, they become bloated and dark red in color.
Young bedbugs are nearly colorless but look like smaller adults.
The eggs of bedbugs are white, pear-shaped, and about the size of a pin head with a lid at one end where the young will emerge. Clusters of 10 to 50 eggs each are laid in crevices. They usually hatch in about 10 days. Bedbugs take about 21 days to mature from egg to adult.
Bedbugs thrive in numbers so you may find adults, young, and eggs all in the same location.
Fortunately, bedbugs do not spread disease. Most people dont notice anything until they wake up the next morning with red, itchy spots on their face, neck, arms, and hands. Welts occurring in rows of three or more bites are telltale signs of bedbug feeding. These spots develop into welts that can persist for several days. The greatest risk to your health would be a mild skin infection caused by scratching the bites. You should consult your doctor who may recommend applying antibiotic ointments to the bites and taking an oral antihistamine to reduce itching and swelling. The nighttime feedings may also cause stress and sleeplessness.
Since theycan live for about six months without food, they may be present in abandoned buildingsor vacant apartments and homes.
Evidence of bedbugs can be found by their physical presence and what they leave behind. In the early stages of infestation, adults and young may be seen on the seams and tufts of mattresses. As the population grows, they move to cracks and crevices in headboards and bed frames, behind wallpaper and woodwork, in drapes, and among cushions of furniture. Bedbugs also leave behind drops of blood-colored excrement on mattresses, pillows, and sheets. In some cases, a distinctive, sweet odor is present.
If you think you have bedbugs, the first thing to do is get them properly identified.The West Virginia University Pest Identification Lab can do this free of charge.To have the suspect insect identified, place it in a sealable bag and take it toyour WVU Extension Service county office. That office will then send it to the labfor official identification.
Eradication of bedbugs requires a multistep approach known as Integrated Pest Management that includes thorough cleaning, applying pesticides, and preventing reinfestation. It may take up to two weeks to completely remove bedbugs so diligence is a key to success. However, the best treatment remains prevention.
First, get rid of clutter in your home, especially in your bedroom. Pick up discarded clothing, take down pictures and posters, throw out piles of magazines and newspapers, and remove throw- rugs. Next, vacuum everything every day until they are gone. Be sure to vacuum the mattress and box spring (especially around seams and tufts), headboards and bed frame, along baseboards, the entire carpet, draperies, and other wooden and fabric furniture in the room. If you have a bagless vacuum, empty the container immediately into a sealed plastic bag. If your vacuum has a bag, you can remove it and seal it in a plastic bag. The bags can then be placed in a freezer for 24 hours to kill the bedbugs. Next, clean your bed linens by placing them in a hot dryer (140 degrees F) for 20 minutes, or by placing them in a black plastic bag and putting them in a sealed car or unventilated green house for 24 hours, or by using a steam cleaner, or putting them out in the cold (32 degrees F or under) for 24 hours if it is winter. Then wash your linens in hot water with an enzyme cleaner or borax. In severe infestations, all bedding (linens, pillow, mattress and box spring) may need to be discarded.
Following cleaning, you can isolate your bed from remaining bedbugs by moving it away from the wall, sealing your mattress in a cover designed for dust mite control, preventing bedspreads and bed-skirts from touching the floor, or wrapping double-sided sticky tape around the legs of your bed. Since bedbugs cannot jump or fly, crawling is the only way they can get into the bed.
Professional pest services are also using a technique in which they superheat a room to above 100 degrees for several days to kill bedbugs.
Many pesticides that are less toxic and more effective than previously used chemicals are now available to control bedbugs. Silica gel dusts and pyrethrin dusts are often used in inaccessible places and behind walls. Residual sprays containing carbaryl, allethrin, cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, permethrin, pyrethrin, resmethrin, sumithrin, tetramethrin, and tralomethrin may be used indoors. They should be applied only to areas recommended on the product label. However, some products can be applied only by professional exterminators. Other insecticides and even household cleaning products contain botanical oils that kill the insects.
A new product on the market labeled for bedbug control, K-4 Products EcoBugFree (containing lauryl sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and other natural products), is being applied in hotels and shelters with success. It is available in many hardware stores and pharmacies for use by anyone.
When using pesticides, follow label directions and wear proper protective equipment. Contact your WVU Extension Service county office for more information about these and other pesticides labeled for controlling bedbugs.
If you are unable to eradicate bedbugs yourself, professional exterminating companies can be hired to take care of the problem.
After thorough cleaning and pesticide application, cracks and crevices in woodwork, along the bed frame and headboard, around windows and doors, and at electrical conduit openings should be sealed with a silicone caulk to reduce hiding places. Repair or remove peeling wallpaper, repair plaster cracks, and tighten switch plate and outlet covers. Avoid hanging too many pictures on the walls and placing too many pieces of furniture in rooms. Prevent clutter. Avoid buying or acquiring free furniture and bedding that may harbor bedbugs.
Bedbugs can breed year-round inside buildings. In West Virginia, they have two or three generations of young per year. They live about 10 to 12 months, and females can lay 100 to 500 eggs during their lifetime, depending on the warmth of the area and how much food it provides. Bedbugs can survive only at temperatures between 48 F and 97 F.
References:
Baniecki, J.F. et al. New least toxic bedbug product on the market. Look Whats Out There in Integrated Pest Management, Issue 11, Dec. 2006, West Virginia University Extension Service.
Gangloff-Kaufman, J. and J. Shultz, 2003. Bedbugs are back! An IPM answer. Cornell Cooperative Extension.
Jones, S.C. Bedbugs. Fact Sheet, HYG-2105-04. The Ohio State University.
Kells, S.A. and J. Hahn. 2006. Prevention and control of bedbugs in residences: information for home owners and tenants. University of Minnesota Extension Service.
Knodel, J. Bedbugs. North Dakota State University. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/aginfo/entomology/entupdates/Indoor_pest/bed_bug.htm.
Potter, M.F. 2008. Bedbugs. ENTFACT 636. University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service.
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Bed Bugs | Extension Service | West Virginia University
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